民国时期孙中山“海南建省”倡议的历史考察

Historical Investigation of Sun Zhong-shan’s “Founding Hainan Province” Initiative in the Period of the Republic of China

1912年,孙中山最先系统提出“海南建省”方案。他以国防安全、经济建设、文化教育和行政管理为基点,撰《琼州改设行省理由书》,与梁士诒等36人联名提交国会,倡议建省;后在《建国方略》中进一步完善其建省方案。虽然倡议已付国会讨论,但因“二次革命”爆发,无果而终。孙中山“海南建省”方案,是历时近百年的“海南建省”滥觞,具有重要的历史意义。

Sun Zhong-shan first systematically put forward the plan of“founding Hainan Province”in 1912.Based on national defense and security,economic construction,culture and education,and administrative management,he wrote The Reasons for Qiongzhou to Found a Province,which was submitted to the parliament jointly with Liang Shi-yi and other 36 people,proposing founding the province.Later,the plan was further improved in The Strategy of Founding a Nation.Although the initiative was sent to the parliament for discussion,it failed because of the outbreak of the“Second Revolution”.Sun Zhong-shan’s plan of“Hainan Province”is the origin of founding the province which lasted nearly one hundred years and has important historical significance.