历史制度主义视角下农村土地流转的制度变迁及其社会影响研究

Research on the New Institutional Change of Rural Land Circulation and Its Social Impact from the Perspective of Historical Institutionalism

我国农村土地流转制度经历了从“两权分离”到“三权分置”的变迁过程,融合结构观、历史观与制度观维度,从历史制度主义视角对农村土地流转制度的历史变迁与影响作用进行分析具有深刻的启示。正是在农村土地流转制度变迁的正式制度与非正式制度的博弈中,农村土地经营权流转带来了经济收益提高的同时,也带来了农民群体分化、交易风险与经济富裕与文化贫困的制度落差。农村土地流转制度应在时代变迁背景下纳入基于结构、利益与观念的多维变量进行政策设计,为土地流转制度的价值最大化实现建立可能,为国家治理现代化目标奠定基石,为和谐幸福的中国新农村筑起保障。一条法制化、规范化、以人为本、因地制宜的土地流转制度发展之路是未来所向。

China's rural land circulation system has undergone a change process from“separation of two powers”to“separation of three powers”,integrating the dimensions of structural,historical,and institutional perspectives.The historical institutionalism perspective has affected the historical changes and effects of the rural land circulation system,which has profound enlightenment.It is the formal and informal systems that are changing in the rural land circulation system.The circulation of rural land management rights has brought about economic benefits,and it has also brought about peasant group differentiation and institutional gap among transaction risks,economic prosperity and cultural poverty.The rural land circulation system should incorporate multidimensional variables based on structure,interests,and concepts for policy design in the context of changing times.It is possible to maximize the value of the land circulation system,establish the foundation for the modernization of national governance,and build security for China's new countryside with harmony and happiness.The development of a legalized,standardized,people-oriented,and localized land circulation system is the way forward.