汉语语法单位辨正

Discrimination of the Chinese Grammatical Unit

句子的研究应该更加注重其动态性特征,以别于静态单位。词的本质特征是现成的编好码的约定俗成的静态单位,作为整体习得,使用时作为整体提取;词的构成也有多种方式,远远不是主谓结构、动宾结构等"结构"可以解释的,因为从本质上看词并不是一个传统意义上的"结构"。语素和由此派生出的语素组,在汉语里没有独立的存在形式,离开词无法鉴别,不具备作为语法单位的条件,可以考虑取消。

The study of sentences should lay more emphasis on their dynamic characteristics rather than on the static unit.The essential feature of a word is its static unit established through usage,which is acquired as a whole and extracted as a whole when used.There are also many ways to construct a word,which cannot be explained by subject-verb structure,verb-object structure and other structures,because in essence a word is not a structure in the traditional sense.Morphemes and morpheme groups derived from them do not have independent forms in Chinese,so they cannot be identified without words,disquali fied as grammatical units,and may as well be cancelled.