“一带一路”沿线国家能源地理格局及空间特征分析

The Spatial Pattern Based on Energy System of the Countries along “the Belt and Road”

能源合作是“一带一路”倡议的重要基础和支撑.“一带一路”国家覆盖欧亚大陆的世界能源经济核心地带,连接着全球主要能源消费市场,在实现全球能源安全、促进能源转型、应对全球气候变化中发挥着重要的作用.开展“一带一路”国家能源经济地理格局及空间特征分析,对于助推沿线国家实现能源绿色转型具有重要意义.通过对“一带一路”沿线国家的能源地理、能源消费、能源进出口、能源获取等指标体系进行系统分析,发现区域能源生产消费强度不均衡,能源生产—消费格局呈现明显的空间差异性及合作互补性;在能源消费结构上以煤炭、天然气等化石能源消费为主,是全球碳排放的主要集中区;在应对气候变化与能源转型背景下,应该持续加强能源公平性等方面研究和政策制定,进而为建设人类命运共同体提供基础支撑.

International cooperation in energy is the important basis and support for the“Belt and Road Initiative”,which covers large number of countries in the Asia-Pacific region and Europe,connecting the main global energy consumption market.As a development initlative,the“Belt and Road Initiative”is expected to play an essential role in achieving global energy security and energy transition.This study focuses on the analysis of the economic-geography of countries covered by the“Belt and Road Initiative”,with an aim to provide scientific contribution to the energy transition among involved countries.The study also details on the examination of energy consumption,energy import and export,and energy access among these countries,and compares the energy economic-geography between China and other involved countries.We draw the conclusion that there exists spatial differences of the energy production-consumption pattem among involved countries,indicating potential for future cooperation;in addition,major countries involved in the“Belt and Road Initiative”are highly relied on fossil energy for their energy consumption,and are the main source of global carbon emission,challenging global carbon reduction.Based on this,we suggest that in the context of climate change and global energy transition,further research and policy formulation on the energy equity are needed in order to facilitate cooperation among involved countries.