生态文明新时代的新科学和新哲学

New sciences and new philosophy in the new age of eco-civilization

哲学和科学都是具有时代性的。牛顿物理学和现代性哲学是互相支持的。以牛顿物理学为基础的现代科学(包括化学、分子生物学等)就是工业文明时代的科学,而受到牛顿物理学支持的现代性哲学就是工业文明时代的哲学。二者都认为随着科学技术的进步,人类将越来越能随心所欲地征服自然,都支持"大量开发、大量生产、大量消费、大量排放"的生产生活方式,都支持工业文明的"黑色发展"。20世纪60、70年代凸显的全球性生态危机表明工业文明的"黑色发展"是不可持续的。同一时期兴起的非线性科学则指出了牛顿物理学和现代性哲学的局限性:牛顿物理学把自然界不确定的、非线性的复杂系统或混沌看作例外或反常,实际上复杂系统或混沌是普遍存在的。蕴含生态学的非线性科学就是生态文明新时代的新科学,它支持生态文明新时代的新哲学--生态哲学。新科学和新哲学将指引人类谋求真正可持续的绿色发展,建设与自然和谐共生的生态文明。

Both philosophy and science are historical. Newtonian Physics and modern philosophy support each other. Modern science based on Newtonian Physics is the science of the age of industrial civilization,and modern philosophy supported by modern science is the philosophy of the age of industrial civilization. Both claim that humanbeing can become more and more powerful to conquer nature with the progress of science and technology,and both support the way of production and life of mass exploitation,mass production,mass consumption and mass emission,and the black development of industrial civilization. The global ecological crisis recognized by the public in 60 s-70 s last century shows that the black development of industrial civilization is not sustainable. And nonlinear science rising in the same period tells us that Newtonian Physics and modern science contains fundamental mistakes. The uncertain,nonlinear and complicated systems,or chaos,are not the anomaly,but the normal in nature. The nonlinear science containing ecology is the science in an age of eco-civilization and it is a new science. And it supports a new philosophy: ecological philosophy. The new science and new philosophy will guide humanbeing to pursue the green development which will be truly sustainable,and to construct eco-civilization which will be harmonious with the health of the biosphere in the earth.