声调语言经验在汉语二语者普通话声调感知中的作用

Effects of Tonal Language Experience on Perception of Mandarin Tones by Chinese-as-a-Second-Language Speakers

采用三个实验探讨了声调语言经验在汉语二语者普通话声调感知中的作用。被试包括有声调语言经验的被试(泰语母语者)和无声调语言经验的被试(俄语母语者)。实验1和实验2采用声调感知判断任务分别考察了初级汉语水平和中级汉语水平的两类被试对声调感知的情况,实验3以初级和中级汉语水平的泰语母语者为被试考察了其对普通话声调的感知同化模式。综合三个实验的研究结果发现:声调语言经验在汉语二语声调感知中发挥着促进作用,该作用是通过声调母语者对普通话声调的感知同化机制得以实现的;汉语二语者对普通话声调的感知和同化并没有受到其汉语水平的显著调节;汉语二语者对普通话声调的感知情况也会受普通话声调本身特点的制约。

The present study took three experiments to explore the effects of tonal language experience on perception of Mandarin tones by Chinese-as-a-second-language speakers. The subjects contained some native Thai speakers who have tonal language experience and some native Russian speakers who have no tonal language experience. In experiment 1 and experiment 2,the tone perception task was used to investigate the perception of Mandarin tones by subjects with primary and intermediate Chinese proficiency respectively. In experiment 3,the tone perception assimilation mode of the native Thai speakers with primary and intermediate Chinese proficiency was investigated. Combining the results of the three experiments,it was found that the tonal language experience had played a promoting role in the tonal perception of Chinese as a second language,which was realized by the native tonal speakers’ perceptual assimilation mechanism of mandarin tones. In addition,the perception and assimilation of mandarin tones by Chinese-as-a-second-language speakers were not significantly regulated by their Chinese proficiency,whereas the second language learners’ perception of mandarin tones was restricted by the characteristics of mandarin tones themselves.