安脱达尘螨疫苗治疗儿童过敏性哮喘的疗效及安全性评价

Efficacy and Safety of Alutard Standardized Mites Allergens Vaccine in the Treatment of Allergic Asthma in Children

目的:评价安脱达尘螨变应原疫苗治疗过敏性哮喘的疗效及安全性。方法:采用自身对照方法,对125例尘螨过敏性哮喘患儿皮下注射特异性免疫疫苗(安脱达),记录治疗前后哮喘症状、合并用药评分,同时计算与免疫相关不良反应发生率,评价其安全性。结果:脱敏治疗1年后125例患儿哮喘症状明显改善,合并用药计分明显减少。80.0%(100/125)的哮喘患儿伴发过敏性鼻炎,脱敏治疗1年后鼻炎症状明显改善。23.2%的患儿因哮喘症状明显好转,在治疗第26周末自行停用合并药物,第52周末随访病情,哮喘复发率为10.3%(3/29)。125例患儿总计接受免疫治疗注射2676次,43例患儿出现100例次局部不良反应,局部不良反应的发生率为3.7%(100/2676),14例患儿出现23例次全身不良反应,全身不良反应发生率0.9%(23/2676),未出现致死性全身不良反应。结论:标准化变应原进行脱敏治疗在规范化操作下是一种安全有效的治疗方法。

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Alutard standardized mites allergens vaccine in the treatment of allergic asthma in children.Methods:Self-control method was used,subcutaneous injection of specific immune vaccine(Alutard)was given to 125 children with dust mite allergic asthma.The asthma symptoms,drug medication scores and incidence of immune-related adverse drug reactions were recorded and calculated to evaluate the treatment safety before and after treatment.Results:The asthma symptoms in 125 children were significantly improved,and drug medication scores were significantly reduced after desensitization treatment of one year.Totally 80.0%(100/125)of asthma in children were accompanied by allergic rhinitis,and there was a significant improvement in rhinitis symptoms after desensitization treatment of one year.As the symptoms of asthma had been improved significantly in 23.2%of the children,the drug combination was automatically stopped at the 26th weekend of treatment,and the asthma recurrence rate was 10.3%(3/29)at the 52nd weekend of follow-up.One hundred and twenty-five children received a total of 2,676 immunotherapy injections.There were 100 local adverse drug reactions in 43 children,and the incidence of local adverse drug reactions was 3.7%(100/2,676).There were 23 systemic adverse drug reactions in 14 children,with the incidence of 0.9%(23/2,676),and no fatal systemic adverse drug reactions were observed.Conclusion:Desensitization treatment with standardized allergens is the safe and effective treatment under standardized operation.