花椒果皮化学成分分离鉴定

Chemical Constituents of Pericarps of Zanthoxylum bungeanum

目的:研究花椒Zanthoxylum bungeanum果皮的化学成分。方法:将花椒干燥果皮粉碎后用95%乙醇冷浸提取浓缩得到总浸膏,将总浸膏吸附于硅藻土上,依次用不同极性溶剂进行洗脱,浓缩得到相应洗脱部位。对二氯甲烷部位和正丁醇部位分别采用硅胶柱色谱,LH-20型羟丙基葡聚糖凝胶(Sephadex LH-20)凝胶柱色谱,ODS柱色谱,半制备HPLC等方法进行分离纯化,并结合理化性质和多种波谱学方法鉴定其结构。结果:从花椒果皮二氯甲烷部位和正丁醇部位分离得到14个化合物,分别鉴定为(1S,3S)-1-甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-羧酸(1),(3S)-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-羧酸(2),芹菜素-7,4’-二甲醚(3),芫花素(4),淫羊藿次苷F2(5),breyniaionoside A(6),3-甲氧基苯乙醇-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(7),3-甲氧基-5-羟基苯-1-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(8),苔黑酚葡萄糖苷(9),紫丁香苷(10),4-[(3S)-3-羟基丁基]-2-甲氧基苯-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(11),(+)-南烛木树脂酚-3a-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(12),2-甲基丙基-6-O-β-D-呋喃芹糖基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(13)和(E)-6-羟基-2,6-二甲基辛-2,7-二烯酸(14)。结论:以上所有化合物均为首次从花椒植物中分离得到,其中化合物1~4,12,14为首次从花椒属植物中分离得到。

Objective:To study the chemical constituents of pericarps of Zanthoxylum bungeanum.Method:The dried pericarps of Z.bungeanum were smashed,and then extracted and concentrated in 95%ethanol to obtain the total extract.The total extract was loaded on a silica gel CC,eluted with different polar solvents in sequence,and then concentrated to obtain corresponding parts.The methylene chloride fraction and the n-butanol fraction were separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography,Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography,ODS column chromatography,semi-preparative HPLC,etc.And their structures were identified based on physicochemical properties and various spectroscopic methods.Result:Fourteen compounds were isolated from the dichloromethane fraction and the n-butanol fraction of the Z.bungeanum and identified as(1 S,3 S)-1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid(1),(3 S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid(2),apigenin-7,4’-dimethyl ether(3),genkwanin(4),lcariside F2(5),breyniaionoside A(6),3-methoxyphenethyl alcohol-4-O-β-D-glucopynanoside(7),1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-3-methoxy-5-hydroxybenzene(8),orcinol-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(9),syringin(10),4-[(3 S)-3-hydroxybutyl]-2-methoxyphenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(11),(+)-lyoniresinol-3 a-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(12),2-methylpropanyl-6-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(13)and(E)-6-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylocta-2,7-dienoic acid(14).Conclusion:All compounds were isolated from Z.bungeanum for the first time,and compounds 1-4,12 and 14 were isolated from this genus for the first time.