气虚血瘀证动物模型的研究进展

Animal Model of Qi Deficiency and Blood Stasis Syndrome

中医证候模型研究起步较晚,发展迅猛,近年来随着中医病证方药的研究不断加深,为了中医现代化的发展,要求中医证候模型研究更加具体和深入。气虚血瘀证作为一种临床上常见证型,在心脑血管疾病、消化系统疾病、慢性肾病、癌症等疾病中多有出现。随着我国人口老龄化程度的不断加重,因老年人多气虚,多血瘀的体质特点,气虚血瘀证的研究已成为中医学界的热点问题。综合近年来气虚血瘀证动物模型造模方法,将其造模思路概括为病理造模、病因造模、病证结合造模三方面。通过观察实验动物出现符合中医理论的宏观表征、肢体行为学表现,以及血液流变学等指标,评价造模方法,为气虚血瘀证造模方法提供思路与借鉴,针对气虚血瘀证类模型的研究应遵循因-脉-证-治的思路,即病因-外在表征-病理机制-辨证论治,将中医证候模型研究同现代科学结合,令造模方法规范化发展,构建相对完善的气虚血瘀动物模型造模方法,为今后探究气虚血瘀证的发病机制及新的治疗思路提供模型支持。

The study of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome model started late but developed rapidly.In recent years,with the deepening of the study of TCM diseases and prescriptions,to develop the modernization of TCM,the study of TCM syndrome model has been required to be more specific and went deeper.Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome,as a common clinical syndrome type,often occurs in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,digestive system diseases,chronic kidney disease,cancer and other diseases.With the increase in the aging of population in China,the research on Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome has become a hot topic in the field of TCM due to the physical characteristics of the elderly people with multiple Qi deficiency and blood stasis.The animal models of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome established in recent years were classified into pathological model,etiological model and combined disease and syndrome model.By observing the macroscopical representation,limb behavior and hemorheology of experimental animals in line with the theory of TCM,this paper evaluates the method of modeling,and provides ideas and reference for the method of modeling for Qi-deficiency and blood-stasis syndrome.The research on the model of Qi-deficiency and blood-stasis syndrome should follow the thought of cause-pulse-syndrome-treatment,namely etiology-external manifestation-pathological mechanism-syndrome differentiation and treatment,and combine the study on the TCM syndrome model with modern science,so as to standardize the development of modeling methods and build relatively improved animal models of Qi deficiency and blood stasis,and provide model support for exploring the pathogenesis of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome and new treatment ideas in the future.