小承气汤的研究概况

Review of Research on Xiao Chengqitang

小承气汤源自《伤寒论》,由大黄(酒洗) 4两、厚朴(炙,去皮) 2两、枳实(大者,炙) 3枚组成,常用于治疗阳明腑实轻证,被收录于《古代经典名方目录(第一批)》,具有较高的临床应用价值。目前对小承气汤的化学成分、药理作用、临床应用等方面已有较多研究,但处方历史沿革不清、剂量换算不明,这些都对经典名方小承气汤的临床合理应用及其复方制剂的研发造成了一定的困难。笔者拟对小承气汤处方历史沿革、药味基原、饮片炮制方法、剂量换算和现代研究等方面进行综述,以明确该复方的历史脉络,为经典名方小承气汤的中医临床运用及其现代科学研究提供依据。

Xiao Chengqitang,derived from Treatise on Febrile Diseases,is composed of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma,Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex and Aurantii Fructus Immaturus.It is often used to treat Yangming Fushi light syndrome.This formula was included in the Catalogue of Ancient Classical Prescription(The First Batch),which has a high clinical application value.Current researches on the chemical composition,pharmacological effect and clinical application of Xiao Chengqitang have been carried out,but the history of Xiao Chengqitang is unclear and the dose conversation method is vague.It has great difficulties in clinical rational applications of Xiao Chengqitang and the research and development of its compound preparations.In this article,the literature reports on Xiao Chengqitang were summarized from the aspects of historical evolution,literature researching of Chinese herbs,dosage conversation method,modern research in case to clarify the historical context of Xiao Chengqitang and to provide basis for the clinical application and modern scientific research of this formula.