整合与分立:中国农村基层治理的单元组合研究——以广东清远、浙江杭州农村基层治理改革为例

Integration or Separation: The Study of Unit Combination of Rural Grassroots Governance in China——Taking the Reform of Rural Grassroots Governance in Qingyuan, Guangdong and Hangzhou, Zhejiang for Example

中国农村的基层治理单元在历史上经历了长期的转变过程,其功能属性也逐渐趋向多元化、复杂化。农村基层治理单元的构建是搭建乡村治理体系的基石,是农村基层治理的重要内涵,同时也直接影响着其治理的成效。在构建现代化国家治理体系的背景下,"服务"代替"管理"已成为农村基层治理的主要趋势,与村民自治形成农村基层治理单元的两大基本属性。农村基层治理单元的建立基于自治单元和服务单元的多元探索,是国家治理能力与经济发展水平和村民社会认同程度双向作用的反应。在治理改革的实践探索中,自治单元与服务单元或整合或分立形成了不同的组合模式,为提升农村基层治理提供了新的路径思考。

The grassroots governance unit in rural China has experienced a long-term transformation process in history, whose functional attributes are also becoming more diversified and complicated. The construction of rural grassroots governance units is the cornerstone for the building of the rural governance system and an important connotation of rural grassroots governance. It also directly affects the effectiveness of its governance. In the context of building a modern China’s governance system, "service" has replaced "management" and becomes the main trend of rural grassroots governance. And it has formed two basic attributes of rural grassroots governance units with villagers’ autonomy. The establishment of the rural grassroots governance unit is based on the multi-exploration of the autonomous unit and the service unit, which is the reaction of the interaction between the state’s governance ability and its level of economic development and the degree of villagers’ social recognition. In the practice exploration of the governance reform, the autonomous unit and the service unit form different combination modes, either integration or separation,which provides a new path for improving rural grassroots governance.