香沙芋生长发育生物学特性动态特征初探

Preliminary Study on Dynamic Characteristics of Biological Characters in Growth and Development of Taro (Colocasia esculenta)

以地方主栽香沙芋品种为材料,通过调查记录各生育期农艺性状、解剖观察等,研究了香沙芋生长发育规律,探索香沙芋叶片与子芋分化的同生关系,以期为香沙芋配套相应栽培新技术提供生理基础理论支撑。结果表明:香沙芋是一种喜湿喜热耐高温的夏季作物,4叶期以前为营养体的生长发育初期;5叶期至14叶期为香沙芋地下部块茎膨大期,其中9叶期子芋才开始充实膨大,12叶期各部位叶面积指数达到最大值;14叶期后,植株生长开始进入衰退期,营养物质向地下部的子芋部位转移并积累;香沙芋表现出典型的2/5叶序特征,地上部可见叶片数目不超过5,植株地上部茎称为"叶柄"更适宜。

Using local main cultivars as materials, through investigating and recording the agronomic traits and anatomical observation at different growth stages, we studied the growth-development law of taro. The symbiotic relationship between the leaves and the differentiation of Taro was explored to provide physiological basic theoretical support for the corresponding new cultivation technology of taro. The results showed that taro was a summer crop which liked humidity, heat and high-temperature resistance, and its vegetative growth was before the 4-leaf stage. The underground-tuber swelling stage was from the 5-leaf stage to the 14-leaf stage, in which the offspring taro began to fill and expand at the 9-leaf stage. The leaf area index of each part reached the maximum at the 12-leaf stage. After the 14-leaf stage, the plant began to decline and the nutrients moved to the underground part. Taro showed typical 2/5 phyllotaxis characteristics. The number of leaves on the shoot was less than 5. The above-ground stem was better known as a petiole.