早产儿视网膜病变的治疗

Treatment on retinopathy of prematurity

早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)是一种发生于早产儿和低体质量儿的增生性视网膜病变,是发达国家和发展中国家儿童致盲的重要原因。早期治疗能够有效挽救患儿视功能,随着对ROP发病机制的不断深入研究,治疗方案的选择在不断发生变化。冷冻治疗因其实施的可行性和并发症,目前不作为首选治疗方法。激光治疗仍是黄金手段,但不可避免会出现一些并发症。在与ROP发生相关的众多因子中,抗血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)药物疗效令人满意,药物选择及最佳注射剂量是重点关注问题,对全身不良事件发生情况有待进一步研究。就ROP发病机制及几种治疗方式的优缺点进行综述,为ROP治疗提供参考。

Retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)as a leading cause of blindness in children in both developed and developing countries,is a type of proliferative retinopathy that occurs in preterm and low birth mass infants.Early treatment can effectively save the visual function of the children.With the continuous study of the pathogenesis of ROP,the treatment is constantly changing.Due to its feasibility and complications,cryotherapy is not the priority.Laser therapy is still the golden standard,while there are inevitable complications.The efficacy of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)drugs among the numerous factors related to ROP is a satisfactory.Nowdays,the selection of drugs and the optimal injection dose are the key points.Meanwhile,the occurrence of systemic adverse events remains urgent.ROP pathogenesis,the advantages and disadvantages of several treatment methods were briefly described and summarized to providing references for the ROP treatment.