甲羟戊酸途径的代谢支路调控策略的研究进展

Progress in metabolic pathway bypass regulation strategies of the mevalonate pathway

萜类化合物作为一大类重要天然产物,在食品、化工、医药和能源等领域广泛应用。微生物法合成萜类化合物因具有生产周期较短、可规模化生产等优点,是目前研究的热点。但是生产效率低严重制约着微生物法合成萜类化合物的工业化发展,而代谢调控是解决上述问题的主要有效手段之一。目前,多数学者集中于主路径的代谢调控研究,忽略了对于萜类化合物的生产至关重要的支路径。本文中,笔者围绕支路径调控直接相关的前体物质供应和辅助因子的协调、竞争途径的调控以及间接对代谢调控产生影响的宿主体的进化三个方面,综述萜类化合物甲羟戊酸途径的代谢途径支路调控策略研究进展,并对代谢路径支路调控的发展方向做进一步展望。

Terpenoids,an important category of natural products,have been widely used in food,chemical,medical and energy industries.The biosynthesis of terpenoids has the advantages of short production cycle and large production scale.However,low production efficiency still seriously restricts the industrialization of microbial synthesis of terpenoids.Meanwhile,metabolic regulation is one of the main effective means to solve the above problems.At present,most studies focus on the metabolic regulation of the main pathway,but ignore the importance of branch pathway for the production of terpenoids.In this article,the research progress is reviewed from three aspects.Precursor and cofactor support,competitive pathway regulation both of which could effect the pathway directly.Meanwhile,microbial host evolution could find some indirectly effects on the pathway of the host.Furthermore,the development direction of further profound regulation of metabolic pathway bypass regulation is prospected.