陶瓷材料的超声辅助铣磨削加工技术

Ultrasonic Assisted Milling and Grinding Technology of Ceramic Materials

陶瓷材料由于具有高熔点、高硬度、高耐磨性、耐氧化、良好的绝缘性等优点,使得其在航天领域得到广泛的应用。针对陶瓷材料在常规机械加工过程中易引入微裂纹等非本征缺陷和残余应力等加工缺陷,通过对陶瓷材料特性的理论分析,引入超声振动加工方法。同时,对陶瓷材料超声振动加工的机理进行了分析,对比验证了普通磨削加工和超声辅助铣磨削加工的效果。采用仿真分析了超声加工过程中工件所受的切削压力和内应力云图,并从理论的角度进行了验证,实现了陶瓷材料产品表观质量的大幅提升,其表面粗糙度达到Ra0.56μm。

Ceramic materials have been widely used in the aerospace field due to their high melting point,high hardness,high wear resistance,oxidation resistance,good insulation and other advantages.In view of the fact that ceramic materials are easy to introduce non-intrinsic defects such as microcracks and machining defects such as residual stress in the conventional machining process.In this paper,ultrasonic vibration machining methods through theoretical analysis of ceramic materials characteristics are introduced.The mechanism of ultrasonic vibration machining of ceramic materials are analyzed,the results of conventional grinding and ultrasonic assisted milling grinding are compared and verified.The cutting pressure and internal stress nephogram of workpieces in the ultrasonic machining process are simulated and analyzed,and the theoretical verification is carried out.The apparent quality of ceramic materials products is greatly improved,and its surface roughness reaches Ra0.56μm.