第20届亚洲物理奥林匹克竞赛实验试题介绍与解答

Problems and solutions of the 20th Asian Physics Olympiad experimental exam

第20届亚洲物理奥林匹克竞赛实验题为铁磁流体,试题包括铁磁流体的静态响应和铁磁流体中的波脉冲.铁磁流体的静态响应部分设置4个问题:静态测试,研究铁磁流体的表面张力,用光学方法测量有、无尖刺时液体的表面特征.铁磁流体中的波脉冲部分设置4个问题:研究平面波脉冲,深度变化的流体中的波脉冲,波及其磁效应,强磁场中铁磁流体的内部特征.本文详细介绍了竞赛试题的内容,并给出试题的解答.

The problem of the 20 th Asian Physics Olympiad experimental exam was magnetically active fluid.The questions included static response and wave pulses.Static response of a magnetically active fluid included four problems:static testing,magnetic interaction:surface tension of a ferrofluid,optical surface characterization:non-spiking regime,spiked surface characterization:spike formation and disappearance.Wave pulses in a magnetically active fluid was set up with four questions:studying plane wave pulse,waves pulses in fluid of varying depth,wave and magnetic effects,and internal properties of ferrofluid in a strong magnetic field.This paper introduced the contents of the experimental exam in detail,and gave the solutions to the problems.