荨麻疹与感染

Urticaria and Infection

急性或慢性荨麻疹是炎症性皮肤病,部分患者可找到明确病因。感染因素(急性或慢性感染、局部或全身性感染)在荨麻疹发病中的作用早已受到重视,涉及到的病原体包括病毒、细菌、真菌、支原体、衣原体、寄生虫等。但截至目前,感染引发荨麻疹仍缺乏大样本多中心的临床证据,其机制也不十分明确。积极抗感染治疗对缓解荨麻疹症状、缩短病程、减少复发的价值仍存在较大争议。本文就与荨麻疹发病可能有关的感染证据及临床处置对策综述如下。

Acute or chronic urticaria is an inflammatory skin disease.Only some patients with urticaria can find out apparent etiologies.The infection factors(acute or chronic infections,local or systemic infections)in the pathogenesis of urticaria have long been recognized,and the pathogens involved include viruses,bacteria,fungi,mycoplasma,chlamydia,parasites.However,the infection-caused urticaria still lacks evidence from the large-scale multi-center clinical trials and the mechanisms are not yet very definitive.The significance of anti-infection treatments in alleviating the symptoms of urticaria,shortening the course of the disease and reducing recurrence is still controversial.Present review mainly summarizes the reports about infection-associated urticaria and strategies on clinical treatment.