日语“空间性状”的时间映射制约研究

A Study of Mapping Constraints of the Space-time Metaphor Denoting Property and State in Japanese

日语空间性状的时间映射具有局部映射性和选择性,映射具有负向语义选择偏好;形成“水平线性空间>垂直线性空间>立体三维空间”维度制约等级。上述制约特质是时空隐喻概念相似性与语言类型特质共同驱动促成的。概念相似性是其内在驱动力,相似者易于映射,反之则受制约性强;日语的时间性特质是其负向语义选择偏好的外在驱动力。

The mappings constraints are characterized by locality and selectivity,and have a negative semantic preference.The hierarchy of dimensional constraints is shown as follows:linear space from the horizontal axis>linear space from the vertical axis>three-dimensional space.The above mapping constraints result from the similarities between space and time and linguistic features of Japanese.The similarities between space and time are the internal driving force.When there are more similarities between space and time,the mapping is more likely to occur.The time features of Japanese are the external driving force of the negative semantic preference.