“先立乎其大者”朱注与陆注的分歧及其化解

Defusing Differences between Zhu Xi’s and Lu Jiuyuan’s “Aiming High First”

孟子截断众流,以“先立乎其大者”立人性之规模。而关于“大者”的注解以汉代赵注、宋代朱注、陆注为代表,历代各有成说。尤其朱注与陆注之间,呈现出一种针锋相对的分歧态势。这一分歧将问题的关键从“大体/大者”本身引向了“思”,也恰恰是在“思”的本源态势中,“大体/大者”得以被给出。将问题沉降至此,即可以“思”笼统“心”“诚”,化解朱注与陆注之分歧。

“Aiming High First”is an important proposition for Mencius to discuss the human nature.Regarding this proposition,from the Han Dynasty to the Song Dynasty,each dynasty has its own interpretation.Especially in the Song Dynasty,Zhu Xi and Lu Xiangshan’s understanding of this proposition presented a tit-for-tat situation.This divergence leads this issue to a deeper concept of“thinking”.In the original state of“thinking”,the moral subject is laid.Studying the concept of“thinking”can unify the two concepts of“mind”and“sincerity”and defuse the differences between Zhu Xi and Lu Jiuyuan.