朱熹与王阳明蒙养教育观之异同及现代启示

Similarities and Differences in Zhu Xi’s and Wang Yangming’s View of Enlightening Education

朱熹和王阳明都非常重视蒙养教育,在蒙养教育观上,既有相同点,也有不同点,相同点体现在:重视德行教育、重视教学的刚性和规范性、读书贵在精熟、德育与日常生活融合。不同点体现在:朱、王的蒙养教育观分别体现了“道问学”和“致良知”的不同学术旨趣。在当今时代背景下,比较二者蒙养教育观的异同,认取传统教育价值,一是重视立德树人;二是培养学生的自律精神;三是教育要与儿童的日常生活打成一片,由近及远,循序渐进地进行。

Zhu Xi and Wang Yangming both attach great importance to enlightening education that focuses on moral education,rigidity and standardization of teaching,reading proficiency,and integration of moral education in daily life.Yet differences exist in their view that indicates Zhu and Wang’s distinctive academic purport of“path of inquiry”and“acquisition of conscience”respectively.This paper compared the similarities and dissimilarities of Zhu and Wang’s beliefs of enlightening education to reveal its implications in the present era for the gradual cultivation of learners’moral personalities,self-discipline spirit and education integrated in children’s daily life.