“十四五”应对气候变化的目标指向

Target Orientation of Addressing Climate Change during the Period of the 14th Five-Year Plan

减排是应对气候变化的焦点和难点。中国选取减排目标,需要考察发达国家的碳排放历史轨迹,借鉴其目标取向。在世界发展格局演化进程中,中国的地位已经发生了根本性变化。“十四五”应对气候变化的目标选择,不仅要务实,更要彰显道义责任;不仅要实现国际引领,也要实现国内倒逼。“十四五”目标不必排除达到二氧化碳排放峰值。关于可再生能源的发展速度目标与规模目标中国具有优势。虽然全国不可能实现净零碳,但是部分地区可以先尝试。在需求侧,纯电动汽车的目标指向具有引领价值。气候韧性的指标,尤其是韧性减碳、生态固碳等,也是生态文明转型发展的目标。

Reducing emissions is the focus and difficulty of addressing climate change.To choose emission reduction targets,China needs to examine the historical track of carbon emissions in developed countries and learn from their target orientation.In the evolution of the world's development pattern,China's status has undergone a fundamental change.The choice of goals for the 14th Five-Year Plan to address climate change must not only be pragmatic,but also demonstrate moral responsibility.It must not only achieve international leadership,but also achieve domestic compulsion.To reach the peak of carbon dioxide emissions,the 14th Five-Year Plan need not be ruled out.Regarding the speed and scale targets for renewable energy development,China has an advantage.Although it is impossible to achieve net zero carbon nationwide,some regions can try it.The demand side,such as the goal of pure electric vehicles,has leading value.Indicators of climate resilience,especially carbon reduction and ecological carbon sequestration,are also targets for the transformation and development of ecological civilization.