数据驱动的两相位信号控制交叉口行人专用相位动态设置方法

A Method for Dynamic Setting Exclusive Pedestrian Phase of Data-driven Two-phase Signal Control Intersection

为减少交叉口的人车冲突,并保证交叉口行人与车辆通行的公平性,分析了行人与机动车在交叉口通行时的相互影响,将每个信号周期中的行人和机动车作为研究目标,分析交叉口行人和机动车的冲突特性,实时估计设置行人专用相位前后行人与机动车的吞吐量,得出动态控制模型中重要参数(行人和机动车每周期通行能力)的计算公式。运用0-1规划模型,以人车通行效率作为约束条件,以人车通过交叉口的公平性最佳为优化目标,建立数据驱动的两相位信号交叉口EPP动态控制模型。并对模型进行数值分析和灵敏度分析,最后说明了EPP动态控制流程及实施方法。研究结果表明:高人流量的交叉口采用本动态方法可提升通行效率及公平性。灵敏度分析表明该动态方法适用于公交车比例为0.1~0.3的交叉口。为验证模型的正确性,结合上海市北京路常德路EPP控制交叉口进行案例分析。对信号交叉口EPP动态控制模型中的具体参数进行标定,并在3种仿真条件下(不设置EPP、设置EPP、动态控制EPP),分别进行仿真模拟。微观仿真结果表明,对交叉口采用动态设置行人专用相位的信号控制方法,总体说来有较好的应用前景,可以保证行人与机动车更为公平地通过交叉口,同时提高交叉口可通过的交通量并对交叉口的通行效率的影响不大。

In order to reduce the pedestrian-vehicle conflict at intersection and ensure the fairness of crossing pedestrians and vehicles,the interaction among pedestrians and motor vehicles at intersection is analyzed.Taking the pedestrians and motor vehicles in each signal cycle as the research objective,the conflict characteristics of pedestrians and vehicles at intersection are analysed,the throughputs of pedestrians and motor vehicles before and after setting EPP are real-time estimated,and the calculation formula of the important parameters(the traffic capacity of pedestrians and motor vehicles per cycle)in the dynamic control model is obtained.Taking the traffic efficiency of pedestrian-vehicle as the constraint condition and the optimal fairness of pedestrians and vehicles passing through intersection as the optimization objective,a data-driven two-phase signal control intersection EPP dynamic control model is established by using 0-1 programming model,and the numerical analysis and sensitivity analysis on the model are carried out.Finally,the EPP dynamic control process and its implementation method are explained.The result shows that the proposed dynamic method can improve the traffic efficiency and fairness at the intersection with high traffic volume.The sensitivity analysis shows that this dynamic method is suitable for the intersections with bus ratio of 0.1-0.3.To verify the correctness of this model,the case study on the EPP controlled intersection of Beijing Road and Changde Road in Shanghai is conducted.The specific parameters in the EPP dynamic control model of signalized intersection are calibrated,and they are simulated respectively under 3 simulation conditions(no EPP,with EPP and dynamic control EPP).The micro-simulation result shows that the signal control method with dynamic setting pedestrian specific phase at intersection has a good application prospect in general,which can ensure pedestrians and motor vehicles passing through intersection more equitably,and improve the traffic volume at intersection and has little impact on the traffic efficiency at intersection.