考虑人车交互的两相位信号控制交叉口行人专用相位设置条件

Setting Condition of Exclusive Pedestrian Phase at Two-phase Signalized Intersections Considering Pedestrian-vehicle Interaction

为准确分析机动车避让行人条件下行人专用相位设置的合理性,研究了行人专用相位对交叉口通行效率的影响,提出了一种考虑人车交互的行人专用相位的设置条件。首先,分析了行人流量、机动车流量与人车交互行为的关系,建立了考虑避让率的人车交互行为模型。其次,假设车辆到达服从泊松分布,分别建立交叉口机动车内乘客以及过街行人延误模型;以设置行人专用相位前后的交通参与者总延误为主要指标,提出行人专用相位设置条件。再次,基于信号控制交叉口的人车交互行为视频,标定了所提出模型的各项参数;通过数值仿真分析了不同行人与机动车流量条件下,设置行人专用相位后交通参与者总延误的变化,并据此确定了设置条件中调整系数在不同交叉口工况下的取值。最后,根据上海市实地调查数据建立了微观仿真模型,建立常规信号控制与行人专用相位两个场景对比总延误、排队长度、机动车通过量等指标。结果表明:人车交互行为对交叉口交通参与者总延误具有较大影响,应当将人车交互因素纳入行人专用相位设置条件;在机动车流量相同的条件下,行人流量越多设置行人专用相位后延误增量越小;车辆避让率越高,设置行人专用相位后延误增量越小。

In order to analyze the rationality of setting EPP under vehicle avoidance condition accurately,the influence of EPP on traffic efficiency at interaction is studied.The conditions for setting EPP considering pedestrian-vehicle interaction are proposed.First,the relationship among number of pedestrians,number of vehicles and behaviors of pedestrian-vehicle interaction is analyzed,and the pedestrian-vehicle interaction model which considers avoidance rate is established.Then,assuming that the vehicles’arrival follows Poisson distribution,the models of passenger and pedestrian delays at intersection are established separately.Taking the total delays of traffic participants before and after settings EPP as the main indicator,the EPP setting conditions are proposed.Afterwards,based on the videos of pedestrian-vehicle interaction behaviors at signalized intersection,the parameters of the proposed model are calibrated.The numerical simulation is used to analyze the total delay changes of the traffic participants after setting EPP under different pedestrian and vehicle volumes,and the adjustment coefficients in the setting conditions under different interaction cases are determined accordingly.Finally,based on the field survey data of Shanghai,a micro simulation model is established,and the indicators of total delay,queue length and throughput in the scenarios of normal signal control and exclusive pedestrian phase are compared.The result shows that(1)the pedestrian-vehicle interaction has a great impact on the total delay of traffic participants at intersection,which should be included in the EPP setting conditions;(2)under the same condition of vehicle volume,the larger the pedestrian volume,the smaller the delay increment after setting EPP;(3)the higher the vehicle avoidance rate,the smaller the delay increment after setting EPP.