新冠肺炎疫情对我国中小微企业的影响及应对

The Impact of Novel Coronavirus Outbreak on Small and Micro Enterprises in China and Countermeasures

新冠肺炎疫情爆发对我国经济社会及人民生活等各方面均造成了不容忽视的影响,特别是抗风险能力较低的中小微企业所受冲击巨大,生存危机加剧。以116家中小微企业所有者及实际负责人为调研对象,以损失评估、可维持时间、行业影响程度、企业所面临困难类型、自身对策及政策诉求等11个问题为调研内容,对我国中小微企业受新冠肺炎疫情影响情况及政策诉求进行调研发现,中小微企业受新冠肺炎疫情冲击严重,影响面广,但不同类型企业受影响程度不尽相同,其经营计划和政策诉求也存在差异。为应对新冠肺炎疫情对中小微企业的影响,应综合考虑企业实际情况以及疫情持续时间和影响程度,一方面,从政策层面着手,聚焦政策创新,在针对紧急而重要问题出台帮扶政策、纠正政策制定与执行中过激过度过当行为的同时,着力打通不同部门之间的政策屏障,推动跨部门协同,针对不同主体提供差异化策略;另一方面,从企业自身发展层面着手,关注现金流、供应链与扶持政策,积极开拓市场,加快企业转型,关注企业所有者与员工心理健康,确保企业运行和复工复产需要,弥补停工期订单损失。

The novelcoronavirus outbreak has many impacts on China's economy,society and life,especially on the small and micro enterprises;it has intensified the survival crisis of these enterprises.According to China’s small and micro enterprises that affected by novelcoronavirus outbreak,the author conducts a questionnaire survey.The survey subjects are 116 owners and actual principals of small and micro enterprises.The research content includes 11 problems,such as loss assessment,maintainable time,industry impact,types of difficulties faced by enterprises,self-countermeasures and government demands.It indirectly verified the necessity and timeliness of the government's recent policies to support small and micro enterprises.Research finds that the small and micro enterprises are significantly affected by the novelcoronavirus outbreak,and the degree of effects of different types of enterprises is different,and the operational plan and policy demands of the government are different.To cope with the impact ofnovelcoronavirus outbreak on small and micro enterprises,the author puts forward that we should comprehensively consider the real situation of the enterprises,the duration and impact of the novelcoronavirus outbreak.In terms of policy,we should focus on policy innovation,and in addition to the timely introduction of supporting measures and corrective measures,implement cross-sector cooperation and differential measures.In terms of the enterprisesthemselves,they should pay attention to cash flow,supply chain and supporting policies,actively develop market and accelerate enterprise transformation,and pay more attention to the mental health of employees and business owners,guarantee the demand of enterprises’operation and production resumption to offset losses during this special period of time.