安宁疗护社会工作概述——以英、美、新加坡与中国台湾地区的安宁疗护社会工作发展经验为例

Overview of Hospice Social Work: Taking the Development Experience of Hospice Social Work in Britain, America, Singapore and China’s Taiwan as an Example

社会工作者是安宁疗护团队的核心成员之一,在陪伴临终患者、调动家属和社区成员参与临终关怀服务过程、哀伤辅导、生命教育、疾病预防和政策呼吁等方面扮演着重要角色。建立完善的社会工作体系是发展安宁疗护的重要举措。中国安宁疗护社会工作还处在起步阶段,需要借鉴英、美、新加坡等发达国家与中国台湾地区的成功经验,并结合中国实际建立具有中国文化特色和符合当前社会经济发展状况的安宁疗护社会工作服务体系。具体包括,构建安宁疗护社会工作的政策与社会支持体系,同时建立与中国传统文化相适宜的安宁疗护社会工作服务体系与行业标准,加强安宁疗护社会工作教育培训,培养安宁疗护社会工作专业人才队伍。

Social workers are one of the core members of hospice care team. They play an important role in accompanying dying patients, mobilizing family members and community members to participate in hospice care service process, grief counseling, life education, disease prevention and policy appeal. Establishing a perfect social work system is an important measure to develop hospice care. The social work of hospice care is still in its infancy in China's Mainland. We need to learn from the successful experience of developed countries such as Britain, the United States, Singapore and China’s Taiwan, combining with the reality of our country and establish a hospice care social work service system with Chinese cultural characteristics and in line with the current social and economic development. Specifically, we should establish the policy and social support system of social work of hospice therapy, establish the service system and industry standard of social work of hospice therapy suitable for Chinese traditional culture, strengthen the education and training of social work of hospice therapy, and train a team of social work of hospice therapy professional talents.