人体掌骨硬度的分布特征研究

Study on micro-hardness distribution characteristics of human metacarpal bones

目的报告人体掌骨的显微硬度,对比分析不同解剖部位之间的硬度值,探索人体掌骨显微硬度的分布特征。方法取3具新鲜健康冰冻尸体的掌骨标本,将右侧掌骨软组织剥离,用慢速锯在掌骨基底、掌骨干和掌骨头处垂直其长轴进行切割,切取厚度为3 mm的骨组织标本。应用维氏方法测量标本掌、背、内、外侧不同区域的硬度值,釆用50 g力加载50 s、维持12 s标准操作方法测定。硬度值比较采用单因素方差分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果共切取45个骨组织切片,测量900个位点。研究发现掌骨总体硬度为(38.23±7.15)HV,其中第三掌骨硬度最大(41.04±6.75)HV,依次是第二掌骨(39.62±7.64)HV、第一掌骨(37.83±6.52)HV、第五掌骨(36.69±7.30)HV、第四掌骨(35.97±6.28)HV。掌骨干硬度(43.45±6.35)HV高于掌骨基底(35.82±6.17)HV和掌骨头(35.43±5.85)HV(F=16.415,P<0.01),而掌骨掌侧硬度(37.58±7.35)HV、背侧(38.93±7.08)HV、内侧(38.26±7.00)HV,外侧(38.15±7.14)HV,四部位硬度差异无统计学意义(F=1.352,P=0.256)。结论本研究结果加深了对掌骨微观生物力学性能的理解,可指导掌骨骨折术中内固定物的放置位置、置入方向和数量,并为3D打印人工掌指关节用于治疗掌骨粉碎性骨折或缺损提供了数据支持。

Objective To report the micro-hardness of human metacarpal bones,compare and analyze the hardness values between different anatomical parts,and explore the distribution characteristics of microhardness of human metacarpal bones.Methods The metacarpal bones were collected from three fresh healthy frozen specimens.The soft tissue of the right metacarpal bone was dissected.These metacarpal bones were cut into 3 mm-thick slices perpendicular to the long axis with a low-speed saw in metacarpal base,shaft and head.The Vickers method was used to measure the hardness of different areas of the palmar,dorsal,medial and lateral site of bone slices,and the standard operation method with 50 g force loading for 50 s and maintenance for 12 s was used to determine the hardness.The hardness value was compared by one-way ANOVA,and P<0.05 was statistically significant.Results Totally,45 specimens and 900 indentations at different bones and anatomic sites were involved.The overall hardness of metacarpal bone was(3&23±7.15)HV The third metacarpal bone had the highest hardness(41.04±6.75)Hy followed by the second metacarpal bone(39.62±7.64)HV;the first metacarpal bone(37.83±6.52)HV;the fifth metacarpal bone(36.69±7.30)HV and the fourth metacarpal bone(35.97±6.28)HV.The metacarpal shaft hardness(43.45±6.35)HV was higher than metacarpal basal(35.82±6.17)HV and metacarpal head(35.43±5.85)HV(F=16.415,P<0.01).There was no significant difference in palmar(37.58±7.35)HV dorsal(3&93±7.08)HV medial(3&26±7.00)HV and lateral site(38.15±7.14)HV in hardness(7^=1.352,P=0.256).Conclusion The results of this study have deepened the understanding of metacarpal micro-biomechanical properties,and can guide the placement,direction and number of internal fixators in metacarpal fracture sui^ery,and provide data support for 3D printing of artificial metacarpophalangeal joint for the treatment of comminuted metacarpal fracture or defect.