基于种子地址的IPv6地址探测技术综述

Survey on IPv6 address scanning technology based on seed sources

现有的扫描技术能够在非常短的时间内对整个IPv4空间完成扫描,但是这些方法都不适合庞大的IPv6网络空间。因此近年来,许多研究学者提出了各种启发式的IPv6地址探测算法。这些算法使用收集的IPv6种子地址作为输入,输出最可能活跃的IPv6地址列表作为扫描目标,大大缩小了活跃地址区域的扫描范围。对这些基于种子地址的技术进行了分类、梳理和总结,然后详细分析了各个算法的优缺点,并且讨论了这些技术面临的多种挑战。从参考文献公开的IPv6数据集和中国教育科研计算机网的北京节点两个来源收集了总共7300万种子地址。通过实验,比较了4种基于种子地址的地址探测算法的命中率和时间性能。最后给出了对本领域的思考和未来研究方向。

Nowadays,the state-of-the-art technologies can spend a very short time to scan the whole IPv4 space,but these methods cannot be applied to the huge IPv6 space easily.Therefore,many researchers propose different heuristic algorithms for the sake of IPv6 scanning.The common way of these algorithms is to input collected IPv6 seed addresses and output new most likely active IPv6 addresses as candidates for later scanning.These methods greatly reduce the scanning range of the active address area.These technologies based on seed addresses were classified,analyzed and summarized,and detailed analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of each method was given.And the several challenges faced by the methods were discussed.73 M seed addresses were collected in total from two sources,including published IPv6 datasets in papers and Beijing Node of China Education and Research Network.Through the proposed experiments,time performance and hit rate of four IPv6 address scanning technologies based on seed addresses was compared.Finally,the own thoughts on this field and some future research directions were proposed.