大湾区框架内澳门与珠海法律衔接与协同立法

Legislative Connection and Co-Legislation between Macao and Zhuhai in the Greater Bay Area

以澳门和内地的客观现实差异,实现完全的法律统一,是不可能的,也不符合“一国两制”精神。目前粤港澳大湾区建设为澳门和广东之间特别是澳门与珠海之间通过协同立法的方式实现立法协调和法律衔接创造了条件。澳门和珠海之间协同立法旨在充分利用澳门特别行政区立法权和珠海经济特区立法权,针对“一国两制”条件下澳门和内地互涉事务纷繁复杂、缺乏经验和范例、不确定的因素在所难免的实际情况,先就互涉领域或需要法律规则衔接的领域的立法事宜取得共识,再通过各自的立法程序制定、修改法律或具有普遍约束力的规范性法律文件,以便最大限度地减少法律冲突及其不利后果,因此,协同立法本质上是新型“法制协调立法”。

Given the objective differences between Macao and Chinese mainland,it is impossible and against the essence of“One Country,Two Systems”to realize absolute unification of the law.At present,the development of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has created conditions for legislation coordination and connection between Macao and Guangdong and in particular between Macao and Zhuhai through co-legislation.The co-legislation aims to make the most of the legislative power of Macao SAR and of Zhuhai Special Economic Zone.In the first place,we should achieve consensus regarding mutual sectors or the sectors where connectivity of the laws and regulations is required in the actual circumstances that the mutual affairs between Macao and Chinese mainland are complicated with uncertain factors unavoidable while we lack experience and precedents to deal with them under the policy of“One Country,Two Systems”,and then we can enact or review the laws or universally binding legal documents through our respective legislative procedures so as to minimize legal conflicts as well as adverse consequences.Therefore,co-legislation is essentially a new type of coordinative legislation according to law.