论贪污受贿犯罪的死刑适用标准——以贪污贿赂刑事案件司法解释第4条为视角的展开

On the Application Standards of Death Penalty of the Crimes of Embezzlement or Accepting Bribes:From the Perspective of Article 4 of Judicial Interpretation of Criminal Cases of Embezzlement and Bribery

《刑法修正案(九)》确立的终身监禁制度,适用于因实施贪污受贿犯罪而被判处死刑缓期执行的犯罪分子。《解释》第4条对贪污受贿犯罪的死刑适用标准进行了细化。《刑法》第48条第1款规定的"罪行极其严重"是适用死刑的一般标准,而非判处死刑立即执行的标准。将《解释》第4条第1款的规定解读为是对贪污受贿犯罪判处死刑立即执行标准的规定的观点,经不起学理的推敲,与《刑法》第48条第1款的应有解读逻辑相背离,容易导致轻重不同的刑罚之间的混淆。将《解释》第4条第1款解读为关于适用死刑的一般标准的规定,可以与对《刑法》第48条第1款的应有解读逻辑相呼应,且不会混淆轻重不同的刑罚之间的界限。

The system of life imprisonment established in Amendment IX to the Criminal Law is applicable to criminals who have been sentenced to death with suspended execution for the crimes of embezzlement or accepting bribes. The application standards of death penalty of the crimes of embezzlement or accepting bribes are refined in the judicial interpretation. "Extremely serious crimes"in Article 48,Paragraph 1 of the Criminal Law is the stipulation concerning the general application standard of death penalty,not that concerning the application standard of the death with immediate execution. The view that the provisions in Article 4,Paragraph 1 of the judicial interpretation should be regarded as application standards of the death with immediate execution of the crimes of embezzlement or accepting bribes does not stand up to theoretical examination,which is inconsistent with the deserved interpretation logic of Article 48,Paragraph 1 of the Criminal Law,and can easily lead to confusions among different penalties. The view that the provisions in Article 4,Paragraph 1 in the judicial interpretation should be regarded as the general application standards of the death penalty of the crimes of embezzlement or accepting bribes is in conjunction with the deserved interpretation logic to Article 48,Paragraph 1 of the Criminal Law,and does not confuse the boundaries among different penalties.