我国青少年蹦床运动员膳食营养调查研究

Investigation on Dietary Nutrition of Teenager Trampoline Athletes in China

目的:了解青少年蹦床运动员膳食营养知识、膳食营养态度以及膳食营养行为等信息,进而改善其营养水平,为提高运动成绩服务。方法:以10-17岁青少年蹦床运动员为调查对象,设计蹦床运动员膳食营养知信行调查问卷,对运动员进行问卷调查。结果:青少年蹦床运动员膳食营养知识平均分为6. 5±1. 73分(不及格),知识短板主要是对食物中营养素的构成以及人体所需的能量物质来源等知识点的理解有偏差;膳食营养态度平均分为7.03±1.81分(良好),总体上膳食营养态度表现积极;膳食营养行为平均分为13. 43±3. 07分(及格),运动员的食物选择主要依靠心情或者胃口,营养素摄入不均衡,有一部分蹦床运动员不按照队里的规定购买或食用食物。结论:我国青少年蹦床运动员主要依靠教练或亲戚朋友获取营养知识,正确的饮食习惯有待加强,膳食营养行为需要合理监控。建议:开设相关营养课程,加强运动员对膳食营养重要意义的认知,配备专业的膳食营养师进行膳食营养搭配和监控。

Objective: This paper aims to understand the nutritional knowledge,attitude and behavior of youth trampoline athletes,so as to improve their nutritional level and serve for improving their sports performance.Methods: Taking the young trampoline athletes aged 10-17 as the survey object,designing questionnaires on the diet nutrition knowledge of trampoline athletes and conducting questionnaire surveys on athletes. Results: The average score of dietary nutrition knowledge of teenager trampoline athletes is 6. 5 ± 1. 73( failing). The short board of knowledge is mainly deviated from understanding the composition of dietary nutrients and the sources of energy and material needed by human body. The average score of dietary nutrition attitude is 7. 03 ± 1. 81( good),which means the athletes got a positive attitude towards dietary nutrition on the whole. The average score of dietary nutrition behavior is 13. 43 ± 3. 07( pass),which indicates that the athletes’ food choice mainly depends on their mood or appetite,and the unbalanced nutrient intake. Most trampoline athletes do not buy or eat food according to the rules of the team. Conclusion: Chinese youth trampoline athletes mainly rely on coaches,relatives and friends to obtain nutritional knowledge. The correct eating habits need to be strengthened,and dietary nutrition behavior needs reasonable monitoring. Suggestions: Set up relevant nutrition courses,strengthen athletes’ awareness of the importance of dietary nutrition and professional dietitians should be provided for dietary nutrition matching and monitoring.