大型机场航站楼出发到达区的人员疏散模拟研究

Study on Evacuation Simulation of Large Airport Terminal Departure and Arrival Hall

近年来随着社会经济的不断发展,航空交通日益成为部分民众出行旅游的首选方式,出发到达区作为大型机场航站楼交通功能的主要区域,对航站楼整体疏散有着决定性的影响,研究出发到达区的人员疏散有利于提高航站楼的整体疏散效率。以北京首都国际机场T3航站楼为例,设定诱导疏散与自由疏散、节假日与工作日的不同人员比例构成和是否仅利用对外出口疏散3组对比因素,研究其对出发到达区的疏散时间及单位宽度出口疏散效率的影响。模拟结果表明:在节假日等女性、儿童比例较高的时间段人员疏散更为不利,合理利用多种出口进行有计划的诱导疏散有利于缩短疏散时间、提升疏散效率。

In recent years,with the continuous development of social economy,the aviation transportation has become the first choice of travelers.Departure and arrival halls,as the main traffic function area of large airport,have a decisive influence over the evacuation of the whole terminal.Research on departure and arrival hall evacuation is beneficial to improve the overall evacuation efficiency.Taking terminal T3 of Beijing capital international airport as an example,this paper sets up three groups of comparative factors,namely,induced evacuation and free evacuation,different personnel proportion composition of holidays and working days,and whether to use only external exits for evacuation,and studies its effect on evacuation time and unit width exit evacuation efficiency of departure and arrival halls.The simulation results show that it’s more unfavorable to evacuate people during holidays when the proportion of women and children is high.Rational use of multiple exits to induce evacuation in a planned way is most beneficial to shorten evacuation time and improve evacuation efficiency.