广西十万大山山子话音系及核心词分析

An Analysis on Phonology and Core Words of Shanzi Dialect of Shiwan Dashan of Guangxi

山子话是广西十万大山中越边境一带自称"山子(saan55ts?i24, saan55tsui42)"的壮族人(在越南分属于高栏族和山斋族)使用的语言。文章通过对广西宁明县十万大山一带山子话音系和核心词的分析,认为这是"山子瑶"在迁徙过程中先后接触平话和粤方言(文章把平话视为独立的方言),完成了语言转用的同时与当地壮语接触形成的汉语方言。核心词汇里有少量越南语借词,其借入途径需进一步分析。现今山子话处在壮语包围中,与汉语及越南语区域并不相邻。山子话的形成与历史上十万大山一带人群的迁徙、接触及各语言/方言的流布有密切的联系。

Shanzi dialect is the language spoken by the Zhuang people(which belong to the Gaolan and Shanzai ethnic groups in Vietnam) who call themselves"Shanzi(saan55 ts?i24, saan55 tsui42)"along the Sino-Vietnamese border in Shiwan Dashan of Guangxi. Based on an analysis of the phonetic system and core words of Shanzi dialect in the Shiwan Dashan area of Ningming County, Guangxi, this article believes that this is the case in which Shanzi ballads first came into contact with the Ping dialect and the Cantonese dialect, and it contacted and changed the local Zhuang language, forming the Chinese dialect. There are a few Vietnamese loan words in the core vocabulary,and the borrowing path needs further analysis. Today Shanzi dialect is surrounded by Zhuang language and is not adjacent to the Chinese and Vietnamese areas. The formation of Shanzi dialect is closely related to the migration and contact of ethnic groups and the distributions of various languages/dialects in the area of Shiwan Dashan in history.