渭河流域生态功能区划

Ecological Function Regionalization in the Weihe River Basin

以渭河流域为研究对象,根据流域生态环境现状,建立合理的指标体系,结合GIS与RS技术对研究区进行区划,并针对各功能区的主导生态功能或主要生态问题制定相应生态环境保护与建设重点。结果表明:渭河流域可被划分为7个生态功能区:①防旱抗旱区;②农业种植区;③牧业发展区;④水源涵养区;⑤防风固沙区;⑥植被保护区;⑦土壤侵蚀控制区。本研究为区域有效开发利用资源,合理制定生态环境保护措施提供科学依据。

Ecological function regionalization is the basis for scientific management and sustainable exploitation of natural resources. In this study,the Weihe River Basin was taken as the research object to develop a reasonable index system according to the current ecological environment in the drainage basin,and the GIS and RS means were used to regionalize the study area. Moreover,the emphases of conservation and construction of the ecological environment were worked out based on considering the dominant ecological functions or the main ecological problems in each functional area. The results showed that the Weihe River Basin could be divided into seven ecological functional zones,and the corresponding construction priorities were formulated: ① Drought prevention and control zone: It should be strictly forbidden to cut down vegetation,and the drought-tolerant vegetation should be advisably cultivated for preventing soil drought;② Farming zone: The agricultural structure should be rationally adjusted;③ Animal husbandry development zone: The advantages of agro-pastoral ecotone should be paid great attention to;④ Water conservation zone: It was suggested to establish the vegetation protection areas and national forest parks and vigorously develop the water conservation projects;⑤ Wind prevention and sand fixation zone: It was suggested to plant sand-fixing plants and prevent land desertification;⑥ Vegetation protection zone: It was suggested to protect the existing vegetation,continuously strengthen greening,and reasonably maintain the vegetation resources;⑦ Soil erosion control zone: It was suggested to protect and rationally exploit the water and soil resources. The study results could provide a scientific basis for effectively exploiting and utilizing the natural resources and rationally taking some measures to protect the ecological environment in the study area.