捕与诉：“合久必分，分久必合”的检察机制

The Procuratorial Mechanism of Arrest and Prosecution:“after a Long Period of Division,Tend to Unite;after a Long Period of Unity,Tend to Divide”

"捕诉合一"从最高人民检察院提出改革试点以来就备受争议,审查逮捕和审查起诉本来分开执行,就是为了形成相互之间的制约,但是在中国的司法背景下未必就是合适的。从探索"捕诉合一"提出的原因开始探析,比较中国和其他国家在"审检"模式、"检警"模式上的不同,然后从反面来论证我国的法院还不适合拥有审查逮捕权,以及作为检察机关内部机构设置的审查逮捕和审查起诉部门之间的关系。接着,分析在"捕诉合一"模式下可能产生的问题,问题既有法学理论上的,也有司法实践过程中的。有的问题,或许现在还不能很好地解答,但是随着社会发展、法律发展,时间会给出更好的答案。最后,就审查逮捕问题的"司法化"进行了分析,肯定了"司法化"的必要性,并希望通过后续程序中审查羁押程序的救济,来进一步解决审查逮捕中的人权保障问题。

The"unity of arrest and prosecution"has been a controversial issue since the Supreme People's Procuratorate proposed the experimental reform.The arrest examination and examination of prosecution have been implemented separately for mutual restriction,but it may not be appropriate in China's judicial background.This paper starts with the exploration of the reasons for the "unity of arrest and prosecution",compares the differences between China and other countries in the modes of"examination"and"procuratorate and police",then demonstrates from the opposite side that Chinese courts are not yet suitable to have the right to examine arrest,and discusses the relationship between arrest examination department and examination of prosecution department inside the procuratorial organ.Then it analyzes the problems that may arise under the mode of"unity of arrest and prosecution",both in legal theory and in the process of judicial practice.Some problems may not be well solved yet,but with the development of the society and the law,time will give a better answer.Finally,this paper analyzes the"judicial tendency"of arrest examination,affirms the necessity of"judicial tendency",and hopes to further resolve the issue of human rights protection in the arrest examination through the review of the relief of detention procedures in the follow-up procedure.