江苏省内河船舶废水污染现状及影响研究

The Situation and Impact of Wastewater Pollution by Inland Vessels in Jiangsu Province

通过在江苏省内河船闸、港口对内河船舶废水污染防治现状进行调研,并计算江苏省内河船舶废水污染物排放量,分析内河船舶废水污染物排放对江苏省、太湖流域以及京杭运河苏北段等敏感区域的影响程度,结果表明:江苏省内河总400总吨以上船舶基本配备了生活污水处理装置,处理装置正常运行的艘次占比仅为23%,油污水收集处置装置配备以及运行情况较好;2017年江苏省内河(含长江)船舶共排放310.2万t生活污水,318.0万t油污水,其中共排放COD 7 911.4 t,NH3-N 62.1 t,TP 15.5 t,油类物质(包括动植物油和石油类)698 t,BOD5775.7 t,SS 775.7 t;京杭运河江苏段船舶废水污染排放占比高于江苏省以及太湖流域船舶污染物排放占比,苏南运河、苏北运河的船舶港口COD排放占比达到2%以上,TP排放占比在1.5%以上,NH3-N排放占比也在0.5%以上,由此可见对于排放密集河段以及其他污染源已得到有效控制的清水通道,有必要对船舶港口的污染物排放进行有效管控。

Based on the investigation of the pollution prevention and control of the inland river in the locks and ports of Jiangsu Province, and the calculation of the discharge, this paper analyzes the impact of the discharge on the sensitive areas of Jiangsu Province, Taihu Lake area and the North Jiangsu section of the Canal. The results show that the vessels of more than 400 tons are equipped the sewage treatment equipment, only 23% of the normal operation of the treatment, while the oil sewage collection and treatment plant is equipped and operated well. In 2017, 3.12 million tons of domestic sewage and 3.18 million tons of oil sewage were discharged(including the Yangtze River) by Inland vessels in Jiangsu Province, including 7 991.4 tons of COD, 62.1 tons of NH3-N, 15.5 tons of phosphorus, 685.2 tons of oil substances, 775.7 tons of BOD5 and 775.7 tons of SS;the proportion discharged in Jiangsu section of the Canal is higher than that in Jiangsu Province and Taihu Lake area,the proportion of COD discharge in ship ports of South Canal and North Canal is accounted more than 2%, the proportion of phosphorus is accounted more than 1.5%, and the proportion of NH3-N is accounted more than 0.5%. Thus, it can be seen that it has been effectively controlled for river sections with dense discharge and other pollution sources in the water channel, which is necessary to efectively control the pollutant discharge of the ship port.