农村仪式性人情异化的治理与乡村秩序重构——基于贵州尧村的田野调查

Governance of Alienation of Ritual Favor in Rural Areas and Reconstruction of Rural Order:Based on Field Investigation of Yao Village in Guizhou

农村人情异化现象突出,造成乡村秩序瓦解,亟需政府采取措施进行有效治理。基于贵州尧村的田野调查,揭示了政府介入人情异化治理的合法性与有效性。研究发现,以人情酒席名目繁杂、人情礼金上涨与办酒敛财为特征的人情异化现象严重扭曲了农民正常家庭生活和社会交往,造成乡村秩序瓦解;农民的生活需要、村庄自主修复能力缺失共同构成政府介入人情治理的民意基础与社会基础;政府通过输入政策规范、调动行政资源、重塑自治格局来激活村庄内生性资源以及加强地域合作,形成积极的联动治理机制,实现了人情回归与乡村秩序重构。当地人情异化的治理经验对于促进农村乡风文明建设具有重要的启示性意义。

The prominent alienation of favor in rural areas has caused the collapse of rural order,which urgently requires the government to take measures to effectively manage it.The field investigation in Yao Village,Guizhou,has revealed the legitimacy and effectiveness of government intervention in managing alienation of favor.It is found that the alienation of favor characterized by feasts in diverse names and rising cash gift,has seriously distorted the normal family life and social interaction of farmers,causing the breakdown of rural order;the farmers’living needs and the lack of village self-repair capabilities together constitute the public opinion and social foundation of government intervention;through introducing policy specifications,mobilizing administrative resources and reshaping self-governance pattern,the government activates villages’endogenous resources and strengthens regional cooperation,forming a positive coordination governance mechanism,and realizing the return of favors and the reconstruction of rural order.The local experience in managing alienation of favor is of great significance for promoting the civilization construction in rural areas.