养老服务机器人现状及其发展建议

Current Situation and Development Suggestions of Old-age Service Robot

随着人口预期寿命的增长和生育率的下降,人口老龄化问题日益严重。目前养老模式难以满足养老需求,养老机器人的使用逐渐进入人们的视野,成为当前研究和产业发展的热点。针对这一需求,对现有的服务机器人及相关技术,包括移动机构、执行机构、结构、识别技术、人机交互技术、定位与场景技术、协同技术和控制技术等,进行了综述。在此基础上,针对发展养老服务机器人存在的问题,提出了四方面建议,即要用功能系统分析方法等深入研究养老服务的各种需求,并给出了部分需求;要在性价比和标准化及系列化方面加大研究力度;要开展多养老服务机器人的协作研究,并提出了一种分层式多养老服务机器人系统组织结构和动态任务规划流程;要在这一领域引入新的动力学与控制理论和方法,如U-K理论和模糊理论等。

With the increase of life expectancy and the decrease of fertility,the problem of population aging is becoming more and more serious.At present,the old-age pension model is difficult to meet the needs of the old-age pension.The use of the old-age robots has gradually entered people's vision and become a hot spot of current research and industrial development.In order to meet this demand,the existing service robots and related technologies,including mobile mechanism,executive mechanism,structure,recognition technology,human-computer interaction technology,positioning and scene technology,collaborative technology and control technology,are reviewed.On this basis,in view of the problems existing in the development of pension service robots,four suggestions are put forward,that is,to study the various demands of pension service in depth by means of functional system analysis,and some requirements are given;to intensify the research on cost-effective ratio,standardization and serialization.To carry out the research on multi-robots for pension service,a hierarchical multi-robots system structure and dynamic task planning process for pension service are proposed.New theories and methods of dynamics and control,such as U・K theory and fuzzy theory,should be introduced in this field.