混装炸药与水及岩屑混合装药试验研究

Experimental Study on Mixing Charge of Mixed Explosive,Water and Rock Debris

露天台阶爆破过程中,混装乳化炸药的爆破效果与炮孔内的积水量密切相关。通过改变不同炮孔内水位高度和岩屑混合工况,开展了相似试验研究,并对不同装药速度下的装药过程进行了数值仿真模拟。结果表明:含水、岩屑炮孔内,炸药入水后被水整体切断形成断层,水位越深孔底留有水团概率越高,岩屑越不容易被扰动与炸药混合,孔内积水会使炸药运动速度变慢,装药射流的最大有效射程及最小有效射程均减小,通过增加装药速度,能在一定程度上增加炸药连续状态,保证混装乳化炸药爆炸效果。

In the process of open-pit bench blasting,the blasting effect of mixed emulsion explosive is closely related to the water content in the blast hole.By changing the water level and the mixing condition of rock debris in different blast holes,the similar experiment was carried out,and the charge processes under different charge speeds were simulated.The results showed that in the blast hole with water and rock debris,the explosive was cut off by water as a whole to form a fault after it entered into water.The deeper the water level,the higher the probability of water mass left at the bottom of the hole,the less likely the rock debris to be disturbed and mixed with the explosive.The accumulated water in the hole would slow down the movement speed of the explosive and reduce the maximum effective range and the minimum effective range of the jet.By increasing the charge speed,the continuous state of explosive can be increased to a certain extent to ensure the explosive effect of mixed emulsion explosive.