北京市通州区健康儿童水痘-带状疱疹病毒抗体水平特征分析

Characteristics of antibody levels against varicella-zoster virus in healthy children in Tongzhou District,Beijing

目的 了解2剂次水痘减毒活疫苗(varicella vaccine,VarV)免疫策略实施5年后,北京市通州区15岁以下儿童水痘-带状疱疹病毒(varicella-zoster virus,VZV)IgG抗体水平,为完善VarV免疫预防提供参考。方法 采用随机抽样的原则抽取通州区10个居委会,选择在当地连续居住6个月以上的15岁以下健康人群为调查对象,通过问卷调查、查阅预防接种证,并通过北京市免疫规划信息管理系统收集研究对象基本信息和疫苗免疫史,采用ELISA法检测VZV IgG抗体水平。结果 共调查儿童380人,总VZV-IgG抗体阳性率为38. 68%(147/380),GMC为77. 12 mIU/mL;1剂次、2剂次VarV调查接种率分别为为41. 05%和20. 00%。<12月龄婴儿,月龄与抗体水平呈负相关,相关系数为-0. 130(P <0. 05);≥12月龄儿童,VZV-IgG抗体阳性率和GMC随年龄及免疫次数增加均呈升高趋势。2剂次免疫史儿童VZV-IgG抗体阳性率和GMC最高;156例有1剂次VarV免疫史儿童中,随接种时间增加,VZV-IgG抗体阳性率呈下降趋势;74例有2剂次VarV免疫史儿童中,末次接种后VZV-IgG抗体阳性率和GMC不同接种年限间差异无统计学意义(P> 0. 05),2剂次VarV免疫间隔时间差异也无统计学意义(P> 0. 05)。结论 实施2剂次VarV免疫策略5年后,北京市通州区15岁以下儿童VarV接种率、VZV-IgG抗体阳性率偏低,建议加大VarV的接种推广力度。

Objective To investigate the IgG antibody level against varicella-zoster virus(VZV)among children at ages of less than 15 years in Tongzhou District,Bejing City,China after the immune strategy of two doses of live attenuated varicella vaccine(VarV)was implemented for 5 years,and provide a reference for improving the immunization with VarV.Methods Healthy children at ages less than 15 years,who have lived in 10 communities in Tongzhou District for more than 6 months,were investigated by questionnaire and check of vaccination certificate,of whom the basic information and vaccination history were collected by Beijing Immunization Planning Information Management System,and the VZV IgG levels were determined by ELISA.Results A total of 380 children were investigated,of whom the total positive if VZVIgG was 38.68%(147/380),while the GMC was 77.12 mIU/mL.The vaccination rates of one and two doses of VarV were 41.05%and 20.00%respectively.The antibody titers in infants at ages of less than 12 months were negatively related to the age,with a correlation coefficient of-0.130(P<0.05).However,both the positive rate and GMC of VZV-IgG in the children at ages of not less than 12 months increased with the increasing age and dose.The positive rate and GMC of VZV-IgG were the highest in the children with vaccination history of two doses of VarV.In the 156 children with vaccination history of one do se of VarV,the antibody positive rate decreased with the increasing time duration after vaccination.However,in the 74 children with vaccination history of two doses of VarV,no significant differences were observed between the positive rate of and GMC of VZV-IgG at various time points after the last vaccination,and between those vaccinated at various time intervals(each P>0.05).Conclusion The VarV coverage rate and VZV-IgG positive rate were relatively low in the children at ages if less than 15 years in Tongzhou District after the immunization strategy of VarV was implemented for 5 years.Efforts should be made to enhance the popularization of VarV vaccination.