“无法”之讼：传统中国国家治理体系中的田土细故

Trial without Law: Land Disputes in Traditional Chinese Governance System

以现代法学知识体系来解读中国传统民事法律及审判,在对中国传统法典中几乎不涉及的细故问题作出很多阐释性理论贡献的同时,也产生了不少令人困惑与争论不休的问题,遮蔽了中国固有法文化的重要内容。如果要认识传统中国的细故问题,需要从"法"(刑)与契约的文化源头进行分析,并结合有关"细故"的语言表达一体化考察。将此问题还原至传统中国国家治理体系中,我们可以发现,"细故"问题并非今日理论之下的民法问题,甚至也很难说其为传统中国人心目中的法律问题。传统中国在处理"细故"纠纷时将其置于州县以下,采取礼义教化而非依法审判的策略来解决此类问题,是中国文化塑造的结果。

There are many perplexing and disputable problems in the interpretation of Chinese traditional civil trial with modern legal knowledge system.In the discussion of the new discourse,many important problems of Chinese inherent law are also covered up.If we analyze the origin of"law"(punishment)and contract,and combine with the traditional Chinese understanding of land and loan,we can find that the problem of"details"is not a civil law problem under today’s theory.It’s even hard to say that it’s a legal issue for traditional Chinese people.The strategies adopted by the traditional Chinese in dealing with these disputes are the result of the shaping of Chinese culture.