重金属危害机制及益生菌清除重金属机制研究进展

Research progress on the mechanism of heavy metal contamination and probiotics sequestration

随着工业发展,大量重金属通过工业废水废渣等方式排入空气和土壤,对环境造成污染,这些重金属一旦通过食物链、空气和水进入人体,就难以排出。工业上已经利用微生物对重金属的吸附、沉淀及氧化还原等能力,清洁含有重金属的废渣废水。益生菌也具有相似的能力,因此,适当利用益生菌可帮助人体排出重金属。该文综述了镉、铅、砷、铬和汞5种在食物中最常见的重金属的危害机制及微生物尤其是益生菌清除重金属的机制。

Food chain could be contaminated by heavy metals accumulated from polluted industrial sources.Once heavy metals entered human body,excretion rate is relatively low.Microorganisms have been widely employed by the industry as means to remove heavy metals from waste water and residues.The major mechanisms involved in these processes include microorganism absorption,precipitation and oxidation-reduction.Some probiotics have the similar capabilities.Therefore,the appropriate application of probiotics implies their potential role in removing heavy metals from human body.This paper reviewed the potential application of probiotics for the removal of five most common heavy metals in food-cadmium,lead,arsenic,chromium and mercury,as well the related mechanisms.