2018年内江市社区老年人跌倒情况及其危险因素分析

Falls of Elderly People and Its Risk Factors in Neijiang Community in 2018

目的了解内江市社区老年人跌倒发生情况,探讨其危险因素,为老年人跌倒的预防工作提供依据。方法2018年采取多阶段随机抽样方法在内江市市中区7个街道中随机抽取2个街道及2个社区,在各个社区采用方便抽样法,各选取400名老年人,以面对面的方式调查过去1年跌倒发生情况,利用Logistic回归分析相关危险因素。结果接受调查并得到完整问卷的1590名老年人中,共319人发生跌倒,共跌倒469次,跌倒发生率为20.06%;跌倒发生季节以多季最为常见,以上午8~11时及下午14~18时为好发时间段,跌倒地点主要集中在家中。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、患慢性病、静动态平衡能力降低及姿势控制能力降低均为老年人跌倒的危险因素(P<0.05),而独居老人跌倒风险小于与其他人共同居住的老人(P<0.05)。结论内江市社区老年人跌倒发生率较高,应根据相关危险因素制定针对性干预措施,以预防老年人跌倒发生。

Objective To understand the occurrence of falls of the elderly in the communities of Neijiang in 2018 and to explore its risk factors,so as to provide the evidence for the prevention of falls in the elderly.Methods A multi-stage random sampling method was used to select 2 streets and 2 communities from 7 streets of the main urban area of Neijiang.The convenience sampling method was adopted in each community to select 400 elderly people,the occurrence of falls in the past 1 year was investigated with the face-to-face survey method,and the related risk factors were analyzed by Logistic regression method.Results Among the 1590 elderly people who were surveyed and completed the questionnaire,319 people fell,469 times in total,and the incidence rate of falls was 20.06%.The season of falls was most common in many seasons,and 8am^11 am and 14 pm^18pm were the peak time of falls,and it mainly happened at home.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age,suffering from chronic diseases,decreased static and dynamic balancing ability and decreased posture control ability were the risk factors for falls in the elderly(P<0.05),and the risk of falls of the elderly living alone was less than that of the elderly living with other people(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence rate of falls is high in the elderly in the community of Neijiang.Targeted interventions should be developed according to relevant risk factors to prevent falls in the elderly.