广元市利州区320例支气管哮喘儿童生长发育情况分析

Growth and Development Level of 320 Children With Bronchial Asthma in Lizhou District of Guangyuan City

目的调查广元市利州区支气管哮喘儿童生长发育情况及相关因素,为临床防治工作提供指导意义。方法选取2016-06/2018-03广元市利州区人民医院收治的320例哮喘儿童作观察组,同期健康体检的儿童410例作对照组。收集两组儿童的一般情况资料(年龄、性别、父母身高等)、生长发育指标(身高、体重、骨密度)等信息,对比两组儿童生长发育指标时采用多重线性回归分析相关因素与身高、体重、骨密度的关系。结果观察组的男童身高、体重及骨密度分别为(104.74±2.85)cm、(18.52±1.46)kg和(0.49±0.13)g/cm^3,女童的身高、体重、骨密度分别为(99.82±2.98)cm、(17.88±1.38)kg和(0.59±0.07)g/cm^3,均低于对照组儿童(P<0.05);随着哮喘严重程度的升高,患儿身高、体重、骨密度均下降(P<0.05);多重线性回归分析分析显示,哮喘患儿首发年龄、哮喘严重程度与身高及骨密度呈负相关,病程与患儿的体重呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论支气管哮喘对儿童的身高、体重及骨密度均有影响,且与病情严重程度密切相关。合理评估病情、控制用药剂量、密切关注患儿生长发育指标是未来哮喘防治需要关注的重点。

Objective To investigate the growth and development level of children with bronchial asthma and its influencing factors in Lizhou district of Guangyuan city,so as to provide guidance for clinical prevention and treatment.Method A total of 320 children with bronchial asthma admitted to Lizhou District People’s Hospital in Guangyuan city were selected as the observation group from June,2016 to March,2018,and 410 healthy children with physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group.General information(age,gender,height of parents),growth indicators(height,weight,bone mineral density)and other information of children in the two groups were collected.The growth indicators of the two groups were compared.Multiple linear regression models were preformed to examine correlations between the relevant factors and height,weight and bone mineral density.Results The height,weight and bone mineral density of boys in the observation group were(104.74±2.85)cm,(18.52±1.46)kg and(0.49±0.13)g/cm^3,respectively,and the height,weight and bone mineral density of girls were(99.82±2.98)cm,(17.88±1.38)kg and(0.59±0.07)g/cm^3,respectively.The height,weight and bone mineral density of children with bronchial asthma were lower than those of healthy children(P<0.05).The height,weight and bone mineral density in children with asthma all decreased as the severity of asthma increased(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the age of onset and the severity of asthma were negatively correlated with height and bone mineral density,whereas the course of asthma was negatively correlated with the weight of children(P<0.05).Conclusion Bronchial asthma can affect children’s height,weight and bone mineral density.The growth and development level of children with bronchial asthma closely related to the severity of the disease.It is important to evaluate the illness properly,control the using dosage of drug and pay close attention to the growth and development level of children in prevention of children asthma.