早期活动干预在预防心血管重症外科患者获得性衰弱中的应用

Effects of early activity on preventing acquired weakness in cardiovascular critical surgery patients

目的探讨早期活动干预在预防心血管重症外科患者获得性衰弱中的应用。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2018年5月—2019年5月郑州市第七人民医院心血管重症外科收治的140例患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组,每组各70例。对照组患者应用常规护理方法,观察组在对照组基础上应用早期活动干预,比较两组患者获得性衰弱发生率、机械通气时间、住院时间、开始下床时间、转出心血管重症外科时的医学研究委员会(MRC)评分、出院后1个月的运动功能(Fugl-Meyer)评分及日常生活能力(ADL)。结果观察组患者获得性衰弱发生率为7.1%(5/70),低于对照组的20.0%(14/70),两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者机械通气时间、住院时间及开始下床时间均短于对照组患者,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,转出心血管重症外科时观察组患者MRC评分、出院后1个月Fugl-Meyer及ADL评分均高于对照组,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论早期活动干预可有效降低心血管重症外科患者获得性衰弱发生率,缩短住院时间,提高患者运动功能及日常生活能力,值得临床应用。

Objective To explore the effects of early activity on preventing acquired weakness in Cardiovascular Critical Surgery patients.Methods From May 2018 to May 2019,we selected 140 patients of Cardiovascular Critical Surgery at Zhengzhou Seventh People's Hospital as subjects by convenient sampling.All of patients were divided into observation group and control group with the method of random number table,70 cases in each group.Control group implemented routine nursing.On the basis of that in control group,observation group carried out early activity.We compared the incidence of acquired weakness,time of mechanical ventilation,hospital stay,time to get out of bed,the scores of Medical Research Council(MRC)when leaving Cardiovascular Critical Surgery,the Fugl-Meyer measurement for motor function and activities of daily living(ADL)one month after discharge of patients between two groups.Results The incidence of acquired weakness of observation group was 7.1%(5/70)lower than that(20.0%,14/70)of control group with a statistical difference(P<0.05).The time of mechanical ventilation,hospital stay,time to get out of bed in observation group were shorter than those in control group with statistical differences(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of MRC when leaving Cardiovascular Critical Surgery,the Fugl-Meyer measurement for motor function and ADL one month after discharge in observation group were higher than those in control group with statistical differences(P<0.05).Conclusions Early activity can effectively decrease the acquired weakness in Cardiovascular Critical Surgery patients,shorten the hospital stay,improve patients'motor function and ADL,which is worthy of clinic application.