江西省城乡居民心血管病高危因素流行现状及其影响因素分析

Prevalence and impact factors of high-risk determinants for cardiovascular disease among urban and rural residents in Jiangxi province

目的了解江西省城乡居民心血管病高危因素流行现状及其影响因素,为心血管病的预防控制提供参考依据。方法于2015年9月-2017年6月采用随机整群抽样方法在江西省南昌市南昌县、九江市修水县、赣州市信丰县、吉安市吉安县、宜春市袁州区和上饶市弋阳县6个项目县(区)抽取84347名35~75岁城乡居民进行问卷调查、血压测量和血脂检测。结果江西省实际调查的82678名城乡居民中,有17241人(20.85%)存在≥1种心血管病高危因素,其中有1个危险因素者13424人(77.86%),有2个危险因素者3453人(20.03%),有≥3个危险因素者364人(2.11%)。在4种心血管病高危因素中,心血管病史的流行率为1.52%,血压高的流行率为14.82%,血脂异常的流行率为5.89%,WHO评估10年患病风险≥20%的流行率为3.70%;多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥40岁、文化程度初中及以上、职业为农民和居住在农村的江西省城乡居民更易有心血管病高危因素,女性和婚姻状况为在婚的江西省城乡居民更不易有心血管病高危因素。结论江西省城乡居民心血管病高危因素以血压高为主,男性、年龄较大、初中及以上文化程度、非在婚、职业为农民和在农村居住的居民是该地区心血管病高危因素综合防治的重点人群。

Objective To examine the prevalence of high-risk determinants for cardiovascular disease(CVD)and its influencing factors among urban and rural residents in Jiangxi province and to provide references for CVD prevention and treatment.Methods We selected 84347 urban and rural permanent 35–75 years old residents in 6 districts/counties across Jiangxi province using random cluster sampling and conducted face-to-face interviews,blood pressure and blood lipids measurements among the residents from September 2015 to June 2017.Results Of 82678 respondents completing the survey,17241(20.85%)were assessed with at least one CVD high-risk factor;the number(proportion)of the respondents with one,two,and three or more CVD high-risk factors were 13424(77.86%),3453(20.03%),and 364(2.11%),respectively.Among the respondents,the prevalence rate was 1.52%for history of cardiovascular events,14.82%for hypertension,and 5.89%for dyslipidaemia;the proportion of the respondents with the risk of≥20%for suffering CVD during next ten years was 3.70%based on assessment methodology recommended by World Health Organization.Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis indicated that the respondents aged above 40 years,with education of junior high school and above,being farmers,living in rural regions were more likely to have CVD high-risk factors;while the female and married respondents were less likely to have CVD high-risk factors.Conclusion Among 35–75 years old residents in Jiangxi province,hypertension is a major high-risk factor of CVD and the people of male gender,living in rural region,at elder age,with the education of junior high school,unmarried,and being farmers are the key populations for intervention on high-risk of CVD.