数字劳动过程及其四种表现形式

The Four Forms of Digital Labor Process and Value Creation

数字劳动是在数字经济背景下,数字化的知识和信息作为关键生产资料的生产性劳动和非生产性劳动。在数字生产方式下,传统的劳动过程正在向数字劳动过程转变。这种转变将会深刻影响雇佣关系、劳动的控制过程和劳动报酬支付形式等。根据劳动过程特征差异性的大小,本文将数字劳动过程划分为传统雇佣经济领域下的数字劳动过程、互联网平台零工经济中的数字劳动过程、数字资本公司技术工人的数字劳动过程和非雇佣形式的产销者的数字劳动过程四种类型,并从马克思主义的角度批判地分析四种数字劳动过程中的价值形成,以及其背后所隐藏的资本与劳动之间的内在矛盾及其对生产方式的影响。

Digital labor is the productive and non-productive labor of digital knowledge and information as key production materials in the background of digital economy. In the digital production mode, the traditional labor process is shifting to the digital labor process. This transformation will profoundly affect the employment relationship, the control process of labor, and the form of payment for labor compensation. According to the difference of characteristics of labor process, this paper divides the digital labor process into four forms: the digital labor process under the traditional employment economy;the digital labor process in the scattered work of the Internet platform;the digital labor process of the digital capital company technical workers and the non-employed users. From the perspective of Marxism, the value creation and internal contradictions between capital and labor hidden behind the four forms of digital labor processes and their influence on production methods are critically analyzed in this paper.