肇庆市女大学生异常子宫出血相关因素分析

Factors influencing abnormal uterine bleeding in female college students in Zhaoqing City

目的调查高校女大学生异常子宫出血状况并分析其影响因素,为高校生殖健康教育提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法对肇庆市3所高职学校女学生进行问卷调查,调查内容包括调查对象基本情况、高热量食物摄入频率、饮食习惯、运动和睡眠情况、近6个月月经模式等内容。采用单、多因素分析方法对异常子宫出血影响因素进行分析。结果本研究共对肇庆市3所高职女学生1 261人进行调查,大一、大二、大三分别为514、538、209人,分别占40.8%、42.7%、16.6%。家庭所在地为城市的有708人,占56.1%。月生活费以500~1 499元为主,1 026人,占81.4%。BMI以18.5~23.9为主,693人,占55.0%。女大学生异常子宫出血患病率为45.84%,多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,家庭所在地为农村(OR=1.296)、BMI<18.5(OR=1.591)、经常饮用含糖饮料(OR=1.553)、有减肥行为(OR=1.629)的女大学生异常子宫出血风险更高,经常定时散步的女大学生风险更低(OR=0.648)。结论肇庆市女大学生异常子宫出血发病率高,经常定时散步可降低女大学生异常子宫出血的发病风险,农村生源、过低体重、过多摄入含糖饮料和减肥可增加女大学生异常子宫出血的发病风险。

Objective To investigate the status of abnormal uterine bleeding in female college students and determine its influencing factors,so as to provide scientific basis for reproductive health education in colleges and universities.Method s Female students were selected by using a stratified cluster sampling method from three vocational schools in Zhaoqing City to conduct a questionnaire survey. The survey included basic information of the respondents,frequency of high-calorie food intake,eating habits,exercise and sleep,and menstruation in the past 6 months. The factors affecting metrorrhagia were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regressions.Results A total of 1 261 female students from three vocational colleges in Zhaoqing City were investigated,including 514(40.8%)freshmen,538(42.7%)sophomores,and 209(16.6%)juniors. Of the participants,the families of 708(56.1%)students were in the urban area city,the monthly living expenses of 1 026(81.4%)were mainly 500-1 499 Yuan,and BMIs of 693(55.0%)were mainly 18.5-23.9. The prevalence of abnormal uterine bleeding in the respondents was 45.84%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the female students whose families were located in rural area(OR=1.296),BMI<18.5(OR=1.591),drinking sugary beverage regularly(OR=1.553),and having weight loss behavior(OR=1.629)had a higher risk of abnormal uterine bleeding,while those who walked regularly had a lower risk(OR=0.648).Conclusion The incidence of metrorrhagia was high in female college students in Zhaoqing. Regular walking is a favorable factor to reduce the risk of abnormal uterine bleeding in female college students. Students from the rural area,low body mass index,excessive intake of sugary beverage and weight loss may increase the risk of metrorrhagia.