不同土壤含水量对盆栽葡萄新根细胞结构的影响

Effects of Soil Water Availability on Cell Structure in Potted Grapevine New Roots

以葡萄扦插苗为试材,通过持续水涝及自然土壤干旱处理,观察了不同土壤水分条件下盆栽葡萄新根在发育过程中形态学及解剖学特性,探究了果树根系对土壤水分的适应性机理。结果表明:当木质部单极维管束中导管数达到5或10时,干旱条件下葡萄根内皮层细胞壁栓质化程度较低,可观察到点状凯氏带;而水涝处理区内皮层半数以上细胞壁发生栓质化。与对照相比,水涝条件促进了内皮层细胞壁栓质化,而干旱条件则延缓了该进程。与内皮层相比,外皮层栓质化完成较早,但不同土壤水分条件对外皮层栓质化的影响无显著差异。另外,各处理区新根成熟部位皮层中形成大量栓质化的通气组织。

In order to study the adaptability mechanism of fruit tree roots to soil water content,grapevine cuttings were used to check the morphological and anatomical characteristics during new roots development under different soil water conditions.The present investigation examined the morphology and anatomy of potted grapevine growing new roots in relation to the soil water content after continuous waterlogging and natural drought treatment respectively.The results showed that when the number of xylem vessels in each vascular bundle reached 5 or 10,the degree of suberization in the cell wall of endodermis was lower than in drought and normal conditions.The dotlike Casparian strips could be observed simultaneously.More than half of the endodermal cell walls in waterlogging condition were suberized.Compared with the control group,waterlogging conditions promoted the endodermis suberization,while drought conditions delayed this process.Compared with the endodermis,the suberization of exodermis was completed earlier,but there was no significant difference among the three treatments.In addition,a large number of suberized aerenchyma were formed in the cortex of the mature part from the new roots in each treatment.