行政诉讼中法院应当通知其参加诉讼的第三人

The Third Party Who Shall be Notified to Participate in Administrative Litigation

行政诉讼第三人制度在立法文本规定上曾经历了些微变化。有的问题已经解决,如行政机关能否成为第三人的问题。而有的问题,如第三人参加诉讼的程序等问题,在修订后的《行政诉讼法》及其司法解释中依然没有完全解决。其中,“由人民法院通知参加诉讼”引发的相关问题,尤为值得关注。过于宽泛地认定第三人以及过于压缩必要参加诉讼第三人之范围,均不利于利害关系人权益之维护,也无益于行政争议的解决。法院应当通知其参加诉讼的第三人,应当是与被诉行政行为或者诉讼结果具有实质利害关系而没有提起诉讼的当事人。在梳理行政诉讼第三人文本规定之演进的基础上,清晰厘定法院应当通知其参加诉讼的第三人之范围,不仅有利于明确法院的职责,更有利于维护利害关系人的合法权益以及监督行政机关依法行政,从而有利于彻底解决行政争议。

The third party system in administrative litigation has undergone some minor changes in the text.Some problems have been solved,such as whether an administrative agency can become a third party.However,some problems,such as the procedure of third party’s participation in litigation,are still not completely solved in the revised Administrative Litigation Law and its judicial interpretations.Among them,the clause concerning the people’s court’s obligation to notify a third party to participate in litigation has caused problems,which particularly deserve attention.It is not conducive to the protection of the interests of interested persons and the settlement of administrative disputes to identify the third party too broadly or too narrowly.The third party whom the court shall notify to participate in the litigation shall be the party who has substantial interest in the administrative act or the result of the litigation.On the basis of combing the evolution of the present provisions of the third party in administrative litigation,clearly defining the scope of the third party that the court should notify to participate in the litigation is not only conducive to clarifying the responsibilities of the court,but also conducive to safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of interested persons and supervising the administration of administrative agencies according to law,thus conducive to the thorough solution of administration disputes.