2012—2017年江西省毒蘑菇中毒事件流行病学分析

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of mushroom poisoning events in Jiangxi Province from 2012 to 2017

目的分析2012-2017年江西省毒蘑菇中毒事件流行病学特征,为制定预防毒蘑菇中毒措施提供依据。方法通过"国家食源性疾病事件报告系统"查询2012-2017年江西省上报的毒蘑菇中毒事件,并进行描述性分析。结果 2012-2017年江西省共报告野生毒蘑菇中毒事件起数120起,发病人数463人,死亡人数19人,病死率为4.1%;事件起数最多的是2015年,占事件总起数的33.3%(40/120);中毒事件主要发生在5~8月份;九江市、鹰潭市、吉安市和抚州市是毒蘑菇中毒的高发地区;家庭是毒蘑菇中毒的主要发生场所,家庭毒蘑菇中毒事件占中毒事件总起数的92.5%(111/120);农村毒蘑菇中毒事件发生率高于城市;误采误食是毒蘑菇中毒的主要原因。中毒类别主要以灰花纹鹅膏菌和铅绿褶菇为主。结论毒蘑菇中毒是造成江西省食源性疾病死亡的主要原因。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mushroom poisoning in Jiangxi Province from 2012 to 2017,and provide scientific evidence for the control and prevention strategy. Methods The descriptive analysis was conducted on the incidence data of mushroom poisoning events in Jiangxi Province reported through foodborne disease outbreak reporting system from 2012 to 2017. Results A total of 120 mushroom poisoning events were reported with 463 poisoning cases and 19 deaths in Jiangxi Province from 2012 to 2017.The case fatality was 4.1%. The year with the most incidence was 2015, accounting for 33.3%(40/120) of the total. The majority of the mushroom poisoning events occurred during May to August. More mushroom poisoning events were reported in Jiujiang, Yingtan, Ji’an and Fuzhou Districts. The most of the mushroom poisonings occurred in the home sittings,accounting for 92.5%(111/120) of total number of mushroom poisoning,and the prevalence rate of the poisoning events caused by the mushroom in rural areas was higher than urban areas. The main cause of mushroom poisoning was eating by mistake. Poisonous mushroom were Amanita fuliginea and Chlorophyllum. Conclusion Poisonous mushroom poisoning was the main cause of death from foodborne illness in Jiangxi Province.